In volleyball with player specialization, the setter is the floor leader. Polish team rosters list setters as quarterbacks. The offense runs through the setter. The setter is the facilitator. The setter needs to have consistent overhead passing, and quick decision making ability. The setter needs good vision, being able to recognize conditions in peripheral vision while focusing on the ball.
As the ball crosses the net on a serve or free ball situation, the setter’s primary responsibility is to get into position to set (the setter has the second touch by default). The setter typically moves to a base position on the net about at the boundary of zones 2 and 3. In this position the attackers in zones 4 (OH), 3 (MB), and 6 (Back row OH) are in front of the setter. Only the attacker in zone 1 (Opposite) is behind the setter. This positioning allows most of the potential sets to be sets in front of the setter that can make use of vision to increase accuracy. Sets to the opposite will rely much more on awareness of court position at the time of the set and reps setting in practice. This may vary by team with some setter’s base position being more central on the net, others will be more to the right.
The setter’s base defensive position in the back row rotations is in zone 1. This gives the setter the shortest possible distance to travel when transitioning from back row defense to setting in the offense. On the front row the setter blocks in zone 2.
A front row setter is an eligible hitter. Either through a situation where the setter is the first contact, or the setter decides to hit on the second contact, the setter can attempt an attack. Conversely, a back row setter is not an eligible hitter or blocker. A setter jumping to try to set an overpass is an illegal blocker if the setter makes contact after the other team attacks.
When looking for a setter, the first consideration should probably be proficiency and consistency with setting. If your best setters are shorter, a 6-2 offense may be the best option. In this case the setter on the back row runs the offense, and front row player subs in when the setter is in the front row rotations. Most competitive teams will run a 5-1 offense. In this case, a short setter may be a liability blocking, but having the best setter facilitating the offense will be more valuable.
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Volleyball Basics are intended to present some of the fundamental volleyball knowledge that everyone serious about the sport should know.
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